1. Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike kachasị elu na-eme ka ọ sie ike

Dịka njirimara mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike si dị, e mepụtala usoro mmepe, yana batrị lithium iron phosphate dị ka ụzọ bụ isi, batrị sodium-ion na-emeziwanye ngwa ngwa dị ka ihe nnọchi akụkụ, yana ụzọ batrị dị iche iche na-agbakwunye ibe ha. Ka ọchịchọ maka nchekwa ebe obibi na nnukwu nha na-abawanye, ntozu oke nkebatrị nchekwa ike A ga-eme ka teknụzụ ka mma, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụ ahịa batrị ga-ebelata. Ụlọ ọrụ batrị nchekwa ike zuru oke, ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi na-enweta nnukwu òkè ahịa.

2. Ndị na-agbanwe ike na-eto ngwa ngwa

Ugbu a, olu mbupu nke inverters na-aga n'ihu na-eto ngwa ngwa, yana obere inverters na-aza ajụjụ maka oke buru ibu. Inverter midstream na-enyekarị inverters nchekwa ike nke dabara na ọnọdụ ngwa dị iche iche, mana enweghị onye ndu ahịa zuru oke. Site na mwepụta nke nnukwu nchekwa ike na China na mmeghe nke ahịa nchekwa nnukwu mba ofesi,nchekwa ike A na-atụ anya na azụmaahịa inverter ga-abanye n'oge ngwa ngwa.

3. Nchekwa ike na-eto nwayọ nwayọ

Site na mmepe na-aga n'ihu nke ahịa nchekwa ike electrochemical, ahịa njikwa okpomọkụ enwetawokwa mmụba dị elu. N'ọdịnihu, site na mmụba nke ngwa nchekwa ike dị elu na nke dị elu, uru nke sistemụ oyi mmiri nwere arụmọrụ ọkụ dị elu na ọsọ ọsọ ga-apụta ìhè, na-eme ka ntinye ngwa ngwa dịkwuo ngwa ngwa. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere sistemụ oyi ikuku, sistemụ oyi mmiri mmiri na-enye ndụ batrị na-adịgide adịgide, arụmọrụ ka elu, na njikwa okpomọkụ ka mma. A na-ebu amụma na ka ọ na-erule 2025, ọnụego ntinye nke sistemụ oyi mmiri mmiri ga-eru 45%.

4. Njikọ dị n'etiti ebe nchekwa ụlọ mba ọzọ, ebe nchekwa buru ibu n'ime ụlọ.

A na-ekewa usoro nchekwa ike n'ime ngwa n'ihu mita na n'azụ mita. Ngwa n'ihu mita na-agbasa ebe niile, ebe China, United States, na Europe na-elekwasị anya na azụmaahịa n'ihu mita. Na China, ngwa n'ihu mita ruru 76% nke oke ntinye nchekwa ike n'ime obodo na 2021. Azụmaahịa n'azụ mita dị iche iche na-elekwasị anya n'etiti mba dị iche iche, yana ọnụego ntinye nke 10% maka nchekwa buru ibu na China na 5% maka nchekwa obibi. Ahịa mba ofesi lekwasịrị anya karịsịa na nchekwa obibi. Na 2021, ikike arụnyere nke nchekwa ike obibi na United States mụbara site na 67%, ebe nchekwa ike azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe belatara site na 24%.

5. Nyocha Ahịa nke Nchekwa Ike

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, e nweela nnukwu ọganihu na teknụzụ nchekwa ike ọhụrụ dịka batrị lithium-ion, batrị mmiri, batrị sodium-ion, nchekwa ike ikuku a kpụkọrọ akpụkọ, na nchekwa ike ndọda. Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike dị na China abanyela n'ọkwa mmepe dị iche iche ma a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-abụ onye ndu n'ụwa niile n'ọdịnihu.

5.1 Batrị nchekwa ike

Maka batrị nchekwa ike, ikike ntinye batrị nchekwa ike zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọnụego uto na-amụba kwa afọ, yana nnukwu ọchịchọ na ahịa batrị nchekwa ike zuru ụwa ọnụ. Mmepụta batrị lithium nchekwa ike nke China na-abawanye mgbe niile, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụ ahịa batrị lithium iron phosphate kwa kilowatt-awa ga-ebelata. Site na nduzi amụma na mgbanwe teknụzụ ụlọ ọrụ, ahịa dị ala maka batrị nchekwa ike nwere nnukwu ikike mmepe na nnukwu ọchịchọ, na-akwalite mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke mkpa batrị nchekwa ike.

5.2 Sistemụ Mgbanwe Ike

Maka PCS (Sistemụ Mgbanwe Ike), usoro ụwa niile na-aga n'ihu na njikọta nke inverters nchekwa fotovoltaic na ike, nke na-adakọ nke ukwuu na inverters jikọtara na grid ebe obibi. Inverters nchekwa ike nwere nnukwu ego, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụego ntinye nke microinverters na ahịa kesara ga-aga n'ihu na-aka mma. N'ọdịnihu, ka oke nhazi nchekwa ike na-abawanye, ụlọ ọrụ PCS ga-abanye n'ọkwa mgbasawanye ngwa ngwa.

5.3 Njikwa okpomọkụ nchekwa ike

N'ihe gbasara njikwa okpomọkụ nchekwa ike, mmụba dị elu nke sistemụ nchekwa ike electrochemical na-akwalite mmepe ngwa ngwa nke njikwa okpomọkụ nchekwa ike. Ka ọ na-erule 2025, a na-atụ anya na oke ahịa njikwa okpomọkụ nchekwa ike electrochemical nke China ga-eru ijeri yuan 2.28-4.08, yana ọnụego uto nkezi kwa afọ nke 77% na 91% site na 2022 ruo 2025. N'ọdịnihu, ka ngwa nchekwa ike dị elu na nke dị elu na-abawanye, a ga-etinye ihe achọrọ dị elu na njikwa okpomọkụ. A na-atụ anya na oyi mmiri, dị ka ngwọta teknụzụ nke etiti ruo ogologo oge, ga-amụba ọnụego ntinye ahịa ya nwayọ nwayọ, yana amụma òkè ahịa 45% ka ọ na-erule 2025.

5.4 Nchekwa ọkụ na nchekwa ike

Maka nchekwa ọkụ na nchekwa ike, ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike kachasị na China n'ihe gbasara sistemụ nchekwa ọkụ nwere nnukwu ohere maka imeziwanye òkè ahịa. Ugbu a, nchekwa ọkụ na-akpata ihe dị ka 3% nke ọnụ ahịa sistemụ nchekwa ike. Ebe oke oke nke ike ifufe na anyanwụ jikọtara na grid, ọnụego ojiji nke nchekwa ike ga-abawanye ngwa ngwa, na-eduga n'ọchịchọ siri ike maka nchekwa ọkụ na mmụba kwekọrọ na oke ọnụ ahịa nchekwa ọkụ.

China na-elekwasị anya na nnukwu nchekwa ike, ebe ahịa mba ofesi na-elekwasị anya na nchekwa ike obibi. Na 2021, oke nchekwa ike n'akụkụ ndị ọrụ na nchekwa ike ọhụrụ nke China ruru 24%, na-egosipụta mkpa ọ dị. N'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ ngwa kpọmkwem, ngalaba azụmaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'ime obodo na ogige mmepụta ihe na-agụnye ọtụtụ, yana òkè karịrị 80%, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ngwa kachasị maka nchekwa ike n'akụkụ ndị ọrụ.